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The '''four temperaments''' ({{Latin|temperamentum}} "the right measure, the right mixture", from {{lang|grc|temperare}} "to moderate, to mix"; used in the 16th century in the sense of "balanced mixture ratio" in pharmacy) determine the more or less permanent basic mood or disposition of a person. Basically, every human being has all four temperaments, which are individually mixed in the most diverse ways. Ideally, all four temperaments are in harmonic balance, but as a rule there are shifts in accent, which usually make one temperament more prominent, the two neighbouring ones resonate and the fourth, opposing one recedes into the background.  
The '''four temperaments''' ({{Latin|temperamentum}} "the right measure, the right mixture", from {{lang|grc|temperare}} "to moderate, to mix"; used in the 16th century in the sense of "balanced mixture ratio" in pharmacy) determine the more or less permanent basic mood or disposition of a person. Basically, every human being has all four temperaments, which are individually mixed in the most diverse ways. Ideally, all four temperaments are in harmonic balance, but as a rule there are shifts in accent, which usually make one temperament more prominent, the two neighbouring ones resonate and the fourth, opposing one recedes into the background.  
== Temperaments and etheric body ==
Unlike momentary [[emotion]]s or [[feeling]]s, the temperaments have their seat in the [[etheric body]]. From here, however, they partly have an effect on the outer form of the [[physical body]]; on the other hand, they are reflected in inner experiences of the [[astral body]] or the [[soul members]].
{{GZ|These four temperaments express themselves in the etheric body. There are thus four different main types of etheric bodies. These in turn have different currents and movements which express themselves in a certain basic colour in the astral body. This is not dependent on the astral body, it only shows itself in it.|95|64}}


== Literature ==
== Literature ==

Revision as of 16:50, 5 May 2021

The four temperaments (Latin: temperamentum "the right measure, the right mixture", from temperare "to moderate, to mix"; used in the 16th century in the sense of "balanced mixture ratio" in pharmacy) determine the more or less permanent basic mood or disposition of a person. Basically, every human being has all four temperaments, which are individually mixed in the most diverse ways. Ideally, all four temperaments are in harmonic balance, but as a rule there are shifts in accent, which usually make one temperament more prominent, the two neighbouring ones resonate and the fourth, opposing one recedes into the background.

Temperaments and etheric body

Unlike momentary emotions or feelings, the temperaments have their seat in the etheric body. From here, however, they partly have an effect on the outer form of the physical body; on the other hand, they are reflected in inner experiences of the astral body or the soul members.

„These four temperaments express themselves in the etheric body. There are thus four different main types of etheric bodies. These in turn have different currents and movements which express themselves in a certain basic colour in the astral body. This is not dependent on the astral body, it only shows itself in it.“ (Lit.:GA 95, p. 64)

Literature
References to the work of Rudolf Steiner follow Rudolf Steiner's Collected Works (CW or GA), Rudolf Steiner Verlag, Dornach/Switzerland, unless otherwise stated.
Email: verlag@steinerverlag.com URL: www.steinerverlag.com.
Index to the Complete Works of Rudolf Steiner - Aelzina Books
A complete list by Volume Number and a full list of known English translations you may also find at Rudolf Steiner's Collected Works
Rudolf Steiner Archive - The largest online collection of Rudolf Steiner's books, lectures and articles in English.
Rudolf Steiner Audio - Recorded and Read by Dale Brunsvold
steinerbooks.org - Anthroposophic Press Inc. (USA)
Rudolf Steiner Handbook - Christian Karl's proven standard work for orientation in Rudolf Steiner's Collected Works for free download as PDF.
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