Lazarus
Lazarus of Bethany (Greek: Λάζαρος Lazaros; Hebrew: אֶלְעָזָר Elʿazar "God has helped") was, according to the testimony of John's Gospel, the brother of Martha and Mary of Bethany and, with them, belonged to Christ's closest circle of disciples.
In Luke's Gospel, the parable of the rich man and the poor Lazarus (Luke 16:20–31) is reported, but he is not identical with the Lazarus from Bethany.
Of the canonical Gospels, only the Gospel of John describes the raising of Lazarus from the dead (John 11:1–45). A similar but somewhat extended account of the raising of Lazarus is also found in the so-called Secret Gospel of Mark, but its authenticity is disputed.
In Bethany (Hebrew: בית עניה bait 'oni "house of poverty" or also "house of death"; from Hebrew: עֹנִי 'oni "poverty"), which was later called Lazarion and is today called Arabic العيزرية, a tomb of Lazarus, where the resurrection is said to have taken place, was named as early as the 4th century.
Literature
- Peter Tradowsky: Johannes der Täufer und Lazarus-Johannes. Vom Quell der Entwicklung, Verlag am Goetheanum, Dornach 1995, ISBN 978-3-7235-0922-7
- Reinhard Nordsieck: Johannes: Zur Frage nach Verfasser und Entstehung des vierten Evangeliums, Neukirchener Verlag 1998, ISBN 978-3788716707
- Hella Krause-Zimmer: Christian Rosenkreutz: Sich kreuzende Lebenswege mit Johannes dem Täufer zum Inkarnationen-Kreuz, Verlag am Goetheanum, Dornach 2015, ISBN 978-3-7235-1547-1
- Christiane Haid, Wolf-Ulrich Klünker, Mechtild Oltmann: Johannes-Lazarus: Die Geistselbstberührung des Ich, Verlag am Goetheanum, Dornach 2016, ISBN 978-3-7235-1554-9
- Sergej O. Prokofieff: Zwei Johannes-Gestalten an der Zeitenwende: Johannes der Täufer und Johannes der Evangelist. Eine esoterische Betrachtung, Verlag am Goetheanum, Dornach 2017, ISBN 978-3-7235-1543-3
- Rudolf Steiner: Das Christentum als mystische Tatsache und die Mysterien des Altertums (GA 8) English: rsarchive.org German: pdf pdf(2) html mobi epub archive.org
- Rudolf Steiner: Zur Geschichte und aus den Inhalten der ersten Abteilung der Esoterischen Schule 1904 bis 1914, GA 264 (1987), ISBN 3-7274-2650-0 English: rsarchive.org German: pdf pdf(2) html mobi epub archive.org
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References to the work of Rudolf Steiner follow Rudolf Steiner's Collected Works (CW or GA), Rudolf Steiner Verlag, Dornach/Switzerland, unless otherwise stated.
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